�Opioid Use, Mortality Risks and Crime: Insights from a Rapid Reduction in Heroin Supply�

Our paper uses restricted-access administrative data from the State Government of New South Wales, Australia. We arranged and funded a data linkage that was implemented by the NSW Center for Health Record Linkage (https://www.cherel.org.au/). We cannot post these data, but the application procedures are well-documented and not arduous. There is now a �Master linkage key� kept by the NSW Center for Health Record Linkage for the individuals in our sample, so researchers should be able to access the same data sets using the current data linkage. We are happy to post our proposal to expedite access to the same data for other researchers, and would be willing to assist other researchers in trying to gain access to the data.

There is one STATA do file (�replication.do�, executed with STATA MP/17.0) that recreates all figures and tables in the paper and online supplementary material. 

To replicate, researchers should create a folder to place �replication.do� and then two subfolders, �/data� containing all data used and created, and �/results� containing all figure and table output from the execution of the program. 

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The following datasets used are restricted-access administrative data and cannot be provided for replication. Once researchers apply and receive these datasets, detailed codebooks will be provided by each agency based on the variables requested. 

�rod15097_finalised_charge.csv�: individual-level criminal charge data from the NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research (BOCSAR) based on our requested sample as described in the paper

�schnepel_OTP_file.csv�: from the NSW Department of Health�s Pharmaceutical Drugs of Addiction System (PHDAS). The PHDAS records all individuals who have been prescribed 
methadone or buprenorphine in NSW since 1985.

�eddc_2016_03_1.csv�: Emergency Department Data Collection records information on public hospital ER visits (EDDC) used just to get demographic information if not in BOCSAR data

�apdc_2016_03_1.csv�: Admitted Patient Data Collection records information on inpatient admissions to public hospitals (APDC) used just to get demographic information if not in BOCSAR data

�rbdmdths_2016_03_1.csv�: NSW Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages (RBDM), which includes information on individuals' date of death, age at death, sex and Indigenous status.

�codurf_2016_03_ucod_nodecimal.csv�: Cause of Death Unit Record File,which includes causes of death classified according to International Classification of Disease (ICD) systems

We also use a comprehensive version of the NSW BOCSAR Re-offending Database (ROD) to obtain information about penalties and aggregate statistics (rod12872_20150706_apr.dta tracks court appearances and was used for Figure A4, rod12872_20150706_off.dta tracks charges and was used for Figure A7). This data can be obtained by application to BOCSAR. 

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We also compile several datasets from various publicly available datasets and data requests described below and provided on the replication website. Note that these data are almost exclusively used for descriptive figures in the paper. 

�nsw_pop.csv� and �nsw_pop_age.csv�: population numbers for NSW from 1992 through June 2016. Available from the Australian Bureau of Statistics: https://www.abs.gov.au/methodologies/historical-population-methodology/2016

�nsw_incidents.csv�: total reported crimes in NSW. Available from BOCSAR https://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Pages/bocsar_datasets/Offence.aspx

�price_heroin_cocaine_meth.csv� and �price_heroin_cocaine_meth_yq.csv�:  constructed using annual
survey data (NSW respondents) on the prices paid for impure doses of each drug from the Illicit Drug Reporting System, which surveys 1,000 regular injecting drug users across Australia in the middle of each year (see https://ndarc.med.unsw.edu.au/project/illicit-drug-reporting-system-idrs). Average purities come from forensic analyses of all packages weighing less than one gram from the Victoria Police Forensic Science Centre.

�us_nsw_opioids_comparison.csv�: The NSW opioid-related
mortality data was provided by the Australian Institute for Health and Welfare. US mortality data was obtained using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention�s WONDER database

�afp_funding.csv�, �afp_overseas_posts.csv�, and �afp_heroin_seizures.csv�: Data on funding for policing federal crimes, international police, and drug seizures were constructed from annual reports from the Australia Federal Police

�annual_data.csv�: we construct data on police staffing, prisons and mental health services from the Productivity Commission�s Report on
Government Services, which is an annual data collection on key service outcomes for the federal and state governments in Australia. Reports are available at: https: //www.pc.gov.au/research/ongoing/report-on-government-services[Accessed 10 May 2020].

�dss_pensions.csv�: we construct data on disability and unemployment benefits from weekly payment rates provided by the federal government.
Rates are for single individuals aged 21+, and are converted to 2019 Australian dollars using the Consumer Price Index. They are available at: https://guides.dss.gov.au/guide-social-security-law/5/2/1[Accessed
10 May 2020]

�abs_lfp_data.csv�: we construct a time series on unemployment rates and and employment/population ratios from Table 4 of the Australian Bureau of Statistics� 6202.0 Labour Force, Australia publication. Average weekly earnings 

�pensions_earnings.csv�: average earnings data come from Table 11A of Australian Bureau of Statistics� 6302.0 Average Weekly Earnings, Australia publication

�prescriptionopioids_usa2.csv�: Data on prescription opioids for the United States were obtained from https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/18/not-allowed-be-compassionate/chronic-pain-overdose-crisis-and-unintended-harms-us[Accessed 2 June 2020]. 

�prescriptionopioids_aus_total.csv�: We obtained data on prescription opioids for Australia from a 2019 report, �Pharmaceutical opioids in Australia: A double-edged sword� available at http://nceta.flinders.edu.au/files/2415/4960/5275/Pharmaceutical_opioids_in_Australia_A_double-edged_sword.pdf[Accessed 2 June 2020]

�international-prices.csv�: Australian data are the average prices paid for a gram of heroin from the Illicit Drug Reporting System (see https://ndarc.med.unsw.edu.au/project/illicit-drug-reporting-system-idrs). The data for the other countries are from the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (see https://www.unodc.org/wdr2018/prelaunch/7.5_Standardized_prices_of_cocaine_and_heroin_in_the_United_States_and_Western_Europe.xlsx; accessed 15 Nov 2020).

�figure_npv.csv�: This file is used to create Figure C.1 and is based on our own calculations described in Appendix C.
